Template Credit: Adapted from a template made available by Dr. Jason Brownlee of Machine Learning Mastery.

SUMMARY: The purpose of this project is to construct a time series prediction model and document the end-to-end steps using a template. The Imports of Goods for California dataset is a time series situation where we are trying to forecast future outcomes based on past data points.

INTRODUCTION: The problem is to forecast the monthly imports of manufactured and non-manufactured commodities for the state of California. The dataset describes a time-series of imports of goods (in millions of dollars) over 12 years (2008-2020), and there are 149 observations. We used the first 80% of the observations for training various models while holding back the remaining observations for validating the final model.

ANALYSIS: The baseline prediction (or persistence) for the dataset resulted in an RMSE of 2391. After performing a grid search for the most optimal ARIMA parameters, the final ARIMA non-seasonal order was (3, 1, 4) with the seasonal order being (1, 0, 2, 12). Furthermore, the chosen model processed the validation data with an RMSE of 1496, which was better than the baseline model as expected.

CONCLUSION: For this dataset, the chosen ARIMA model achieved a satisfactory result, and we should consider using the algorithm for further modeling.

Dataset Used: Monthly Imports of Goods for California

Dataset ML Model: Time series forecast with numerical attribute

Dataset Reference: U.S. Census Bureau, Imports of Goods for California [IMPTOTCA], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/IMPTOTCA, August 1, 2020.

The HTML formatted report can be found here on GitHub.